OPTIMISATION OF DAYLIGHTING AND MINIMISATION OF HEAT GAIN IN SELF SHADING OFFICE BUILDING IN MALAYSIA
ABSTRACT
Heat gain due to solar radiation to wall is contributing into high energy demand for building systems especially for office buildings in tropical regions such as Malaysia. Self-shading buildings can avoid heat gain while allowing daylight to penetrate the buildings. In this research the effect of self-shading strategy on heat gain and daylight penetration was investigated. The ultimate aim is to find the best angle with the least possible level of heat gain during working hours and minimum window area on an inclined wall in order to achieve the minimum acceptable daylight penetration. The Energy Commission s Diamond Building in Putrajaya was chosen as the case study of an actual self-shading building in terms of heat gain and daylight penetration. The amount of Overall Thermal Transfer Value reduction was calculated in the building using analytical methods. Extensive simulation models were carried out using Integrated Environmental Solution software and the results were compared to the empirical findings in the field for validation. The findings demonstrate significant effects of self-shading on the amount of heat gain and daylight factor. Ceiling projection to wall height ratio (SSP Ratio) has reverse correlations with the amount of daylight penetration. Simulation results show minimum heat gain can be achieved when SSP Ratio is 50% regardless of Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) values. However in order to provide optimum daylight, 70% WWR is required. Findings of this research can be employed as one of energy efficient office design strategies for tropical office buildings.
Heat gain due to solar radiation to wall is contributing into high energy demand for building systems especially for office buildings in tropical regions such as Malaysia. Self-shading buildings can avoid heat gain while allowing daylight to penetrate the buildings. In this research the effect of self-shading strategy on heat gain and daylight penetration was investigated. The ultimate aim is to find the best angle with the least possible level of heat gain during working hours and minimum window area on an inclined wall in order to achieve the minimum acceptable daylight penetration. The Energy Commission s Diamond Building in Putrajaya was chosen as the case study of an actual self-shading building in terms of heat gain and daylight penetration. The amount of Overall Thermal Transfer Value reduction was calculated in the building using analytical methods. Extensive simulation models were carried out using Integrated Environmental Solution software and the results were compared to the empirical findings in the field for validation. The findings demonstrate significant effects of self-shading on the amount of heat gain and daylight factor. Ceiling projection to wall height ratio (SSP Ratio) has reverse correlations with the amount of daylight penetration. Simulation results show minimum heat gain can be achieved when SSP Ratio is 50% regardless of Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) values. However in order to provide optimum daylight, 70% WWR is required. Findings of this research can be employed as one of energy efficient office design strategies for tropical office buildings.
Paper in Journal and Conferences:
- Mohd Zin Kandar, Mohd Sabere Sulaiman, Yong Razidah Rashid, Dilshan Remaz Ossen, Aminatuzuhariah M Abdullah, Lim Yaik Wah and Mansour Nikpour; Investigating Daylight Quality In Malaysian Government Office, Buildings Through Daylight Factor and Surface Luminance; ICEESD 2011 International Conference on Ecosystems, Environment and Sustainable Development, Venice Italy, 20-30 Nov 2011.
- Mohd Zin Kandar, Yong Razidah Rashid, Mohd Sabere Sulaiman, Dilshan Remaz Ossen, Hamdan Ahmad, Lim Yaik Wah and Mansour Nikpour; Survey of Surface Reflectance, Work Plane Illuminance Level and Uniformity in Malaysian Government Office Buildings. ICEESD 2011 International Conference on Ecosystems, Environment and Sustainable Development, Venice Italy, 20-30 Nov 2011.
- Study on Functional and Aesthetic Characters of Two Cities in Iran: Harmonization Between Urban Design and Natures. Mansour Nikpour, Batool Shamsaddin and Mohd Zin bin Kandar : http://www.polyu.edu.hk/fclu/icsu2010/download/programme.pdf
- Creating Sustainability in Central Courtyard Houses in Desert Regions of Iran. Mansour Nikpour, Shahrzad Shamsolmaali, Hamzeh Dehghani and Mohd Zin Kandar : http://www.naun.org/main/NAUN/energyenvironment/17-749.pdf
- Mansour Nikpour, Mohsen Ghasemi, Elahe Mosavi, Mohd Zin Kandar ; Investigating the Effectiveness of Iranian Architecture on Sustainable Space Creation. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 58 2011.
- Nikpour, M., Kandar, M. Z, Ghasemi, M. and Fallah, H. “Investigating the effectiveness of solar heat gain and daylight on minimizing energy consumption in high rise buildings”, ICEEE 2011, WASET Conference, Penang, Malaysia, Pp 253-257. 2011.
- Nikpour, M., Kandar, M. Z, Ghomeshi, M. Moeinzadeh, N. and Ghasemi, M. “Investigating the effectiveness of self-shading strategy on overall thermal transfer Value and window size in high rise buildings”, ICEEE 2011, WASET Conference, Penang, Malaysia, Pp 247-252. 2011.
- Mansour Nikpour- Mohd Zin Kandar- Mohsen Ghasemi; Study of the Effectiveness of Solar Heat Gain and Daylight Factors on Minimizing Electricity Use in High rise Buildings, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Enginnering. vol 3, 02 Mar 2011.
- Mansour Nikpour, Hossein Tayyari, Firoozeh Azmoon, Peyman Azmoon and Mohd
Zin Kandar; Investigating Techniques for Designing Energy Research Centre with Energy 164 Optimization Approach in Desert Cities. PROCEEDINGS OF 2nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE-WORKSHOP ON SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN 2012 Penang, 3rd – 5th March 2012
- Mansour Nikpour, Mohsen Ghasemi, Elahe Mosavi and Mohd Zin Kandar ; Investigating the Effectiveness of Iranian Garden Charactristices on Convenience Condition in Hot and Arid Regions. PROCEEDINGS OF 2nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE-WORKSHOP ON SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN 2012 Penang, 3rd – 5th March 2012
- Mansour Nikpour, Shahrzad Shamsolmaali, Hamzeh Dehghani and Mohd Zin Kandar; Creating Sustainability in Central Courtyard Houses in Desert Regions of Iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of ENERGY and ENVIRONMENT, Issue 2, Volume 6, 2012.
- Mansour Nikpour, Mohd Zin Kandar, Mohsen Ghasemi, Mohammad Ghomeshi and Mohammad Reza Safizadeh; Heat Transfer Reduction Using Self Shading Strategy in Energy Commission Building in Malaysia, Journal of Applied Sciences Year: 2012 | Volume: 12 | Issue: 9 | Page No.: 897-901. http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=jas.2012.897.901.
- Mansour Nikpour, Mohd Zin Kandar, and Elahe Mosavi; Investigating Daylight Quality Using Self-Shading Strategy in Energy Commission Building in Malaysia. Indoor and Built Environment, October 2013; vol. 22, 5: pp. 822-835., first published on September 12, 2012. http://journals.ohiolink.edu/ejc/article.cgi?issn=1420326x&issue=v22i0005&article=822_idqussiecbim
- Nikpour, Mansour; Kandar, Mohd Zin; Mosavi, Elahe; Investigating Daylight Quality Using Self-Shading Strategy in Energy Commission Building in Malaysia; Indoor and Built Environment, Volume 22, issue 5 (October 2013), p. 822-835.
- Mansour Nikpour, Mohd Zin Kandar, Mohsen Roshan, Empirical Validation of IES
Simulation in Term of Daylight in Self- Shading Office Room in Malaysia. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 3(10)106-112, 2013. - Mohsen Roshan, Mohd Zin Bin Kandar, Mansour Nikpur, Mohammad Pir Mohammadi and Mohsen Ghasemi; Investigating the performance of Anidolic Daylighting System with respect to building orientation in tropical area. IRACST – Engineering Science and Technology: An International Journal (ESTIJ), ISSN: 2250-3498, Vol.3, No.1, February 2013.
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