BEHZAD RAHMANI

DOUBLE SKIN FACADE OFFICE BUILDING

Abstract

Building aesthetic, thermal and noise reductions as well as wind protection are the main reasons to use Double Skin Facade (DSF) in modern high rise office buildings. Previous researchers have suggested that the risk of overheating within (DSF) envelope is high in tropical climate. However, some recent studies (Hien, 2004 and Wong P.C., 2008) have proved that DSF improve thermal comfort in highrise building in the tropics. This research aims to analyse the effect of DSF glazing material, DSF cavity depth and combination of DSF together with thermal wall strategies on lowering solar heat gains in DSF office building in tropical climate of Malaysia. The study has been carried out by simulations and mathematical model. The simulation process contains two parts. First,  Airpak software simulation as a pilot test and aims to evaluate DSF configurations in different orientations and different solar times. Second, whole building simulation by both Airpak and Flovent softwares. The whole building simulation focuses on investigating the effect of different DSF configurations in particular solar time and building orientation.  Results of this study found that DSF is not able to reduce solar gains in West and East orientations.  On average, 11% of reduction in rooms temperature was obtained in both South and North orientations, as compared to Single Skin Façade (SSF). This amount is equivalent to 3°C reduction in indoor rooms temperature. The optimum reduction of heat gains was found in the case of DSF with air-gap size of 1.0 m comparing to those with air-gap sizes of more or less than 1.0 m. This study also found that reflective glazing is the most effective material of which it is able to reduce room temperature by 2°C on average. Lastly, different configurations of thermal wall are tested, however, the results do not show significant improvement in DSF performance.

Paper published in Conference & Journals;

1. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Zin Kandar, Behzad Rehmani “The Future of Double Skin Façade Design and Installation inMalaysia’s Building Industry In View To Support Malaysia’s Green Building Index Program.”, International Conference on Construction Industry, Padang Sumatera, August 2009.
2. Behzad Rahmani, Mohd Zin Kandar and Parisa Rahmani; How Double Skin Façade’s Air-Gap Sizes Effect on Lowering Solar Heat Gain in Tropical Climate?. World Applied Sciences Journal 18 (6): 774-778, 2012.
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ABDAL RAHIM SHIHAB

SUSTAINABLE HOUSING IN GAZA

ABDUL HAKIM

DAYLIGHTING IN ALGERIAN CLASS ROOM

ABSTRACT

Daylight quality and quantity in Algeria schools shows an urgent condition to ensure visual comfort for students and teachers. Some problems arise due to poor window design and excessive amounts of daylight penetration inside the classrooms as well as non-uniform daylight, which may cause glare and heat gain. This study aimed at choosing an ideal window size and glazing pattern to maximize daylight effectiveness and occupant comfort in Algerian schools. Field measurements of selected classroom were carried out in selected school in Algeria during summer and winter season. The data were analysed and used to develop model design for simulation. Seven patterns of glazing windows design were used for extensive simulation exercise. The results of the investigation from the site measurements show that WWR was more than 40%; the WPI was found to be within the range of 300lux to 500lux and the DF of 4%, which exceed reference value except the southeast orientation 2.98% in morning and 2.29% in the evening. Result from simulation using IES by comparing three different glazing types (tint, clear and reflective) and using different  glazing size from 25% to 75% in winter season (under overcast sky condition) and summer season (under intermediate sky condition). The evidence from this study suggests that tinted windows in both winter and summer is ideal as the simulations result shows that significant usable area of (31.22% - 41.74%) is achievable in a bilateral window opening with a (DF<2 25="" 300lux="" 30="" 500lux.="" 50="" 75="" a="" adequate="" algeria="" and="" as="" be="" bilateral="" by="" configurations="" daylight="" daylighting.="" design="" different="" during="" enhancement="" experiment="" for="" from="" further="" glass="" glazing="" has="" ideal="" impact="" improve="" in="" increasing="" it="" louvers="" need="" of="" overhangs.="" percentage="" public="" quality="" quantity="" range="" research="" result="" school="" schools="" shelves="" significant="" span="" steaming="" suggest="" that="" the="" tinted="" to="" unobtainable="" use="" variations="" vt="" was="" with="" within="" would="" wpi="" wwr="" yield="">

ABSTRACT

Daylight quality and quantity in Algeria schools shows an urgent condition to ensure visual comfort for students and teachers. Some problems arise due to poor window design and excessive amounts of daylight penetration inside the classrooms as well as non-uniform daylight, which may cause glare and heat gain. This study aimed at choosing an ideal window size and glazing pattern to maximize daylight effectiveness and occupant comfort in Algerian schools. Field measurements of selected classroom were carried out in selected school in Algeria during summer and winter season. The data were analysed and used to develop model design for simulation. Seven patterns of glazing windows design were used for extensive simulation exercise. The results of the investigation from the site measurements show that WWR was more than 40%; the WPI was found to be within the range of 300lux to 500lux and the DF of 4%, which exceed reference value except the southeast orientation 2.98% in morning and 2.29% in the evening. Result from simulation using IES by comparing three different glazing types (tint, clear and reflective) and using different  glazing size from 25% to 75% in winter season (under overcast sky condition) and summer season (under intermediate sky condition). The evidence from this study suggests that tinted windows in both winter and summer is ideal as the simulations result shows that significant usable area of (31.22% - 41.74%) is achievable in a bilateral window opening with a (DF<2 25="" 300lux="" 30="" 500lux.="" 50="" 75="" a="" adequate="" algeria="" and="" as="" be="" bilateral="" by="" configurations="" daylight="" daylighting.="" design="" different="" during="" enhancement="" experiment="" for="" from="" further="" glass="" glazing="" has="" ideal="" impact="" improve="" in="" increasing="" it="" louvers="" need="" of="" overhangs.="" percentage="" public="" quality="" quantity="" range="" research="" result="" school="" schools="" shelves="" significant="" span="" steaming="" suggest="" that="" the="" tinted="" to="" unobtainable="" use="" variations="" vt="" was="" with="" within="" would="" wpi="" wwr="" yield="">

Nimlyat Pontip Stephen

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN NIGERIA HOSPITAL

SHAHRUL CHE ONN

GREEN ROOF HEAT TRANSFER IN BUILDING

Abstract

In dealing with the urban heat island effect in urban areas, green roof technology has been approved by researchers around the world as the best solution to date. Apart from its high cost in terms of application, it really contributes most in mitigating the urban heat island effect in urban areas. Potted plants seems to be a potential alternative in comparison to green roof system in contributing to urban heat island mitigation. This paper describes a method for accessing thermal performance of potted plants in mitigating urban heat island effect in the urban environment of tropical climate regions. The dual goals of this study are to emphasize green roof technology and to provide alternative for green roof system application. Method of investigation for this project started with an experiment, which included building of four test cells equipped with data acquisition system that accommodated four different design variables. The data recorded helped establish the thermal benefits of potted plants as alternative measure in mitigating urban heat island effect.

OMID KABIRI

ACOUSTIC DESIGN IN THE MAIN MOSQUES PRAYER HALL

HANDRINO

GREEN MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION IN WEST SUMATRA

Tafsiran Tenaga Terkandung: 

Bangunan yang dibina dengan pelbagai bahan-bahan binaan yang menggunakan tenaga di seluruh peringkat pembuatan mereka, penggunaan dan pembinan. Peringkat ini terdiri daripada pengekstrakan bahan mentah, pengangkutan, pembuatan , pemasangan serta pemasangan pembinaan dan penguraian. Miller (2001 ) mendedahkan bahawa , yang dijangka tenaga termaktub telah ditafsirkan dalam pelbagai cara, dan ukuran yang diterbitkan adalah agak tidak jelas. Crowther (1999 ) mendefinisikan tenaga mirip sekali sebagai- jumlah tenaga yang diperlukan dalam penciptaan sebuah bangunan , termasuk tenaga langsung yang digunakan dalam proses pembinaan dan pemasangan , dan tenaga tidak langsung , yang diperlukan untuk mengeluarkan bahan-bahan dan komponen bangunan. Treloar et al.

Tenaga ( 2001b ) menjelaskan, - Tenaga termaktub (EmE) adalah tenaga yang diperlukan untuk menyediakan produk ( secara langsung dan tidak langsung) melalui semua proses, hulu (iaitu boleh dikesan ke belakang daripada produk siap kepada idea tentang bahan-bahan mentah). Begitu juga, definasi yang lebih lengkap , yang disediakan oleh Baird , 1994; Edwards dan Stewart, 1994; Howard dan Roberts, 1995; Lawson , 1996; Cole dan Kernan , 1996 (Seperti yang dipetik dalam Ding, 2004) , mencadangkan bahawa- tenaga termaktub terdiri daripada tenaga yang digunakan semasa pengeluaran dan pemprosesan bahan-bahan mentah, pengangkutan bahan-bahan mentah asal , pembuatan bahan-bahan binaan dan komponen dan penggunaan tenaga untuk pelbagai proses semasa pembinaan dan perobohan bangunan. Definasiini mewakili perbezaan pendapat mengenai sempadan sistem untuk dimasukkan ke dalam analisis tenaga termaktub.